Propeller.



v 110.867.029. l PATENTED SEPT. 24, 1907.

A. H. FRIBDEL.

PROPBLLER.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB.16, 1907.

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APPILIOATION .FILED FEB. 16, 1907.

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WTNESSES Kw1 M UNITED STATES ALBERTl HUGO FRIEDEL, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

PROPE LLER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 16, 1907. Serial No. 357,620.

Patented Sept. 24, 1907.

y To all 'whom it Imay concern:

I Be it known that I, ALBERT HUGO FRIEDEL, a citi'l/.en of the United States, and a resident of Cleveland, inv the county ol' (,uyahoga and State of Ohio, have in-Y vented a new and Improved Propeller, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description. l

This invention relates to certain improvements in propellers adapted for use in connection with water or aerial navigation, and relates more particularly tol Aall the figures, and in which l Figure l is a side elevation of one form of my improved propeller and operating mechanism connected thereto, a portion thereof being broken away; Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the parts hown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a plan view of the reverse ide of one of the propeller blades; Fig. 4 is an edge view of said propeller blade; Fig. 5 is a transverse section through one of the propeller blade supports, said section being taken on theline 5-5 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a central longitudinal section through the parts illustrated in Fig. 5, said section being taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5; Fig. 7 is a central longitudinal section through a portion of the propeller shaft illustrating certain details of the controlling mechanism; Fig. 8 is a transverse sectionl through the propeller shaft illustrating certain details of the controlling mechanism, said section being taken on the line 8`8 of Fig. l; Fig. 9 is a side elevation oi a modified form of my invention; Fig. l0 is a side elevation of'a further modification; Fig. l1 is a side elevation of another modification, portionsl thereof being broken away; Fig. l2 is a transverse section through the form illustrated in Fig. 11, said section being taken -on the line 12-12vof said figure; and Figs.` 13 and 14 are edge elevations of modified forms of propellerblades.

In my improved propeller mechanism I provide a propeller shaft anda plurality of propeller blades operatively connected thereto, together with mechanism extending through the propeller shaft, whereby the inclination of the blades in respect to the' shaft may be altered at will.

In the specific form of my invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive, I provide a hollow shaft 15 having any suitable mechanism (not shown) applied to one end thereof for rotating the same. The outer end of the shaft is provided with hollow divergent arms 16 adapted to support the propeller blades. As illustrated, I provide only two of these arms, but it is evident that any number desired may be employed. Each of the arms is preferably elliptical in cross section as illustrated in Fig. 5, and adjacent the outer end of each arm the side portions are cnt away to separate the two side members and form extensions 17 and 18. From the point upon the shaft 15 at which the arms 16 diverge, I provide a pointed end 19 extending back to a distance substantially equal to the length of the arms, whereby any resistance which otherwise might be caused by the action of the water against the square end of the sh'aft is eliminated. For rigidly supporting the arms at the proper angle, I provide an annular ring 20 unattached to the pointed end 19 but rigidly secured to both of the arms, thus serving to not only prevent outward movement of the arms but also serving to prevent lateral movement of one in respect to the other. For further bracing the arms I provide a rod or wire 21 preferably connected to one of the extensions 17 and passing through or in engagement with the pointed end 19 to the extension 17 of the opposite arm.

Supported by the arms and movable in relation thereto I provide a plurality .of propeller blades 22 of any suitable form or size and having means for pivotally connecting the same'to the ends of the extensions 17 and 18. In the form illustrated in Figs. 1 toil, inclusive, this pivotal connecting means comprises two lugs 23, 23 having perforations therethrough for the passage of a suitable bolt or pivot pin. As will be noted, the ends of the extensions 17 and 18 lie in the same radial line from the propeller shaft, and the propeller blades therefor remain at a constant radial angle to said shaft,

but as the extension 18 is preferably somewhat longer than the extension 17 and as the propeller blades are pivotally connected to the ends of both of the extensions, the inclination of said blades in respect to the axis of the propeller shaft may be varied at will. For

controlling the movements of these blades I provide means connected to the blades at one or more points and extending through the arms and propeller shaft to theinterior of the vessel.

Various forms of controlling means may be employed, but in Figs. 1-to 8, inclusive, I have illustrated this means as including a plurality of wires or cables 24. These Wires or cables 24 extend in pairs through the propeller shaft, and each pair leads through a separate arm .to one of the propeller blades. As shown, each arm adjacent the base of the extension 17 and 18 is provided with a cross partition 25, whereby the entrance of water to the interior of the arm is effectively prevented, and adjacent each end of this partition I provide openings for the passage of the wires or cables. Each propeller blade is provided with suitable openings or rings 26,

whereby the cables may be attached to the propeller blades, and these rings or openings are preferably disposed upon opposite sides of the two lugs 23. From these connecting rings the cables extend between the two arms to the lpartition 25, at which point each wire or cable is provided with a smooth elongated collar or sleeve 27 slidably mounted within the openings in said partition. These sleeves or collars are rigidly secured to the cables and closely [it the openings, whereby upon the longitudinal movement of the cables the collars slide through the openings and maintain at all times a practically water-tight joint therewith. In Fig. 6 I have illustrated the two sleeves or collars in the position whieh'they would occupy when the propeller blades are inclined to the position illustrated in dotted lines in Fig. l.

Each pair oi cables extends from its corresponding propeller blade through the supporting arm therefor and through the propeller shaft tol a point within the interior of the vessel, as previously stated. Within the vessel suitable means are provided for simultaneously drawing upon one of the cables of each pair and loosening the other, whereby all of the propeller blades may be simultaneously inclined in the proper direction. For accomplishing this end, I provide the `mechanism illustrated in Figs. l, 7 and 8, which meglianism comprises a collar 28 slidably mounted upon the propeller shaft l5 and having a groove 29 in. its outer circumference for the engagement of a suitable yoke 30. This yoke is mounted upon a suitable pivot pin 3l and is adapted to be moved longitudinally of the shaft by any suitable handle 32. The shaft l5 is provided with openings in the walls thereof adjacent the collar 28, whereby the cables 24 may pass to the exterior of the shaft, and the collar 28 is provided with openings 33 fdr the passage of the cable therethrough. Adjacent thev collar 28 I provide a collar 34 rigidly secured to theshaft and provided with sinall pulleys 35, the number and location of said pulleys corresponding with the number of cables and the location of the openings 33 within the collar 28. The ends of the cables' 24 extend through the wall of theshaft yand through the collar 28 and are united around the pulley 35, whereby a longitudinal movement o one cable causes a simultaneous longitudinal movement in the opposite direction of the other cable of the same pair. One of each pair Of cables is rigidly secured within the collar 28 by suitable means, as, for instance, a set screw 3G, whereby the longitudinal movement of the collar in respect to the shaft causes one of each pair of cables to move therewith. In this manner by moving the handle 32 in one direction, I cause such an inclination of the blades as would cause a forward movement of the vessel, while by moving the handle 32 in the opposite direction the position of each controlling blade is reversed.

In the specific form of my invention above described, I employ two or more propeller blades arranged concentric to the shaft and all at equal distance therefrom, but it is evident that the propeller blades may be arranged at varying distances from the shaft, as, for instance, n two concentric circles. In` Fig. l0 I have illustrated a modified form of my invention in which two sets of arms I6n and 1Gb are employed for supporting two concentric sets of propeller blades 22L and 22h. op-

serbes erated by cables in any suitable manner., as, lor instance, tliat illustrated in Figs. l to 8, inclusive.

In theI form of my invention illustrated in Figs. l und l0, the propeller blades are supported from the `side lucing toward the front of the vessel, but it is evident that the propeller blades may be supported from the opposite side ily desired. ln Figs. t) and ll l have illustrated a modified form in which the arms` ltf" supporting the propeller blades, are curved to :i semi-circular` torni. so as to present the smooth lace of each propellerl blttdtI to the direct current. of the water or air against which suid blade operates. These propeller blades :tre illustrated as being pivotally supported and operated in the s-.une manner as is the propeller blades illustrated in lt`igs. l and It).

It is evident that instead ol employing cables or wires for operating the blades suitable rods m-.ty be employed, and in Figs. ll and l2 n lortu employing such rodsl is illustrated. In this form l provide the shuit lb with forwardly-extending und divergent arms lo, to the ends ol whit-,h the blades 22" ure pivot-.illy connoitcd, but instead of providing cables through the shalt lo und arms lo l provide in the former two semiwylindricul rods 37, 37*L lying side by side und longit udinully lno\- able. At the inner end of each rod I provide couuecting rods 38 extending through the arms ltr' and pivot.- ally connected to the propeller blades. 'lher'c rods may be connected to the longitudinally morublt rods 37 in any suitable manner, whereby` upon the loi'igitudinal movement of said rods the connecting rods :tre caused to impart. motion to the propeller blades. ln order that the piopeller blades may be inclined in the same direction simultaneously, it is necessary that two ol the connecting rods shall cross as indicated in Fig. l2, and to perlnit of this l preferably extend a portion oi one of the rods 37 to n stnnewhttt greater distance than the other rod 37, and to this longer rod l connect the longest of theI connecting rods, namely, ZlSk Any suitable. means may be employed for moving the rods 37, 37 simultaneously in opposite directions, whereby as one side of each propeller blade is drawn toward the end of the shaft l5, the opposite side oll the propeller blade is drawn away to produce the. desired inclinut ion. In case connecting rods are employed rather thun cubles or wires, it may be found that the propeller bludes will be supported rigidly enough Aif only :t single rod be connected to each one, in which case the blade would be operated in one direction by pulling down said rod, arid operated in the opposite direction by a pus-hitter action. In such a case only one connecting lug 2o would be employed; as illustrated in Fig. lli. i Instead of connecting the extensions 17 and Vlh to lugs or ears 23 as above described, it is evident that the ends of said extensions may be inserted within recesses or openings in the propeller blade 22 and fastened therein by pivot pins, as illustrated in Fig. l/i. In this figure I have also illustrated the cables 24 as being secured within openings in the blade rather than ns being connected with links or rings 2G as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4.

The propeller above described is especially designed for use in connection with engines or other Vinte movers which are non-reversible and run ata constant speed, but it is evident that it may be used with a re versible engine or one having a reversing and speed changing gear, in which case the propeller blades might be rigidly connected to lthe ends of the arms and the operating rods or' cables entirely omitted.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to'secure by Letters Patent:

1. A device of the class described, comprisinga hollow shaft, hollow rearwardly-extending arms rigidly secured thereto, propeller blades pivotally connected to the outer ends of said arms, and means extending through said shaft and said arms for simultaneously varying the 'inclination of each of said blades.

2. A device of the class described, comprising a propeller shaft, rearwardly-extending divergent arms secured to said shaft, propeller Yblades adjustably secured to the ends of said arms, and means for adjusting the inclination of said propeller blades.

3. A device of the class described, comprising a propeller shaft, rearwardly-extending arms rigidly secured to said shaft, each of said arms having a plurality 3f divergent extensions, and propeller blades pivotally connected to said extensions.

4. A deyice of the class described,` comprising a hollow propeller shaft, hollow divergent arms extending outwardly .end thereof, a plurality of cables extending through said shaft and operatively connected to said blade, and means for pulling upon either of said cables for'varying theinclination of the blade in respect to the shaft.

6. A device of the class described, comprising a propeller carried thereby, means connecting said arms but independent of said shaft for supporting and bracing the former,

and propeller blades secured to`the outer end of each of,

said arms.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALBERT HUGO FRIEDEL.

Witnesses:

JNO. M.' RITTER, CLAIR W. FArnBANK.

4shaft, a plurality of rearwardly-extending divergent arms 

